Seok-Min Kim, June-Seok Lee, and Kyo-Beum Lee, "Fault-Tolerant Control Scheme for Modular Multilevel Converter based on Sorting Algorithm without Reserved Submodules," in Proc. APEC Conf., Mar. 2018, pp. 223–227. > Paper

This paper proposes a fault-tolerant method for the half-bridge based modular multilevel converter (MMC). Fault-tolerance is able

to enhance reliability which is one of the crucial issue for the MMC with a large number of switching devices. In this paper, the faulty

condition of the MMC is analyzed and the detail of the proposed fault-tolerant method is described. When a switching device fault

is occurred in a SM, the proposed method balances the three-phase line-to-line voltages and currents and does not require 

redundant submodules (SMs), which reduce the cost and volume of the MMC. To verify the fault-tolerant ability of the 

proposed method, various simulation results are included.