Samer Saleh Hakami and Kyo-Beum Lee, "Elimination of Abnormal Time-Delay in Phase-Shift-Based PWM for Five-Level Hybrid Active NPC Inverters," in Proc. ICPE (ECCE ASIA) Conf., May 2023. > Paper

Five-level hybrid active neutral-point-clamped (NPC) inverters have recently attracted much attention due to their high power density and quality, 

dv/dt, and low stress on switching devices. There have been various modulation schemes presented to control the five-level hybrid active NPC

inverter. Among these approaches is phase-shift pulse-widthmodulation (PWM), which has a natural voltage balancing capability. However, 

implementing this scheme on a microcontroller is complex and results in a distortion in the output voltages owing to an abnormal delay in the 

generated PWM pulses. Therefore, an effective switching scheme is proposed in this paper to eliminate any abnormal delay in the conventional 

phase-shift PWM. The proposed switching scheme is generated based on inverted reference voltages per phase to control the five-level hybrid 

active NPC inverter. Simulation and experimental results are provided to verify the effectiveness of the proposed phase-shift PWM in generating 

five-level output voltage without any distortion.